abstract：CONTEXT:Academic journals represent shared spaces wherein the significance of thematic areas, methodologies and paradigms are debated and shaped through collective engagement. By studying journals in their historical and cultural contexts, the academic community can gain insight into the ways in which authors and audie...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Rangel JC,Cartmill C,Martimianakis MA,Kuper A,Whitehead CR

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The function of medical school entities that determine student advancement or dismissal has gone largely unexplored. The decision making of 'academic progress' or student promotions committees is examined using a theoretical framework contrasting ethics of justice and care, with roots in the moral development w...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Green EP,Gruppuso PA

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Despite increasing numbers of publications, science often fails to significantly improve patient care. Clinician-scientists, professionals who combine care and research activities, play an important role in helping to solve this problem. However, despite the ascribed advantages of connecting scientific knowledg...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Kluijtmans M,de Haan E,Akkerman S,van Tartwijk J

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To: (i) identify key assumptions of the scientific 'paradigm' that shapes clinical communication research and education in cancer care; (ii) show that, as general rules, these do not match patients' own priorities for communication; and (iii) suggest how the paradigm might change to reflect evidence better a...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Salmon P,Young B

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Complete reporting of research is essential to enable consumers to accurately appraise, interpret and apply findings. Quality appraisal checklists are giving way to tools that judge the risk for bias. OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine the prevalence of these complementary aspects of research reports (completen...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Horsley T,Galipeau J,Petkovic J,Zeiter J,Hamstra SJ,Cook DA

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical education is primarily about training physicians and maintaining their capabilities over time. Given that physicians are the primary focus of the field, there is a need for a clear idea of what physicians are or could be. This paper seeks to explore this issue by posing the simple question: ?Where do physician...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： H Ellaway R,Topps D,Topps M

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Older clinicians typically engage in reflections on their own early careers and indeed whichever generation of clinician you talk to, their medical school and early career experiences were more challenging than the last. We draw on inspiration from Monty Python and specifically the Four Yorkshiremen to illustrate this...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Harris BH,Wilson DJ

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:High-income country (HIC) trainees are undertaking global health experiences in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) host communities in increasing numbers. Although the benefits for HIC trainees are well described, the benefits and drawbacks for LMIC host communities are not well captured. OBJECTIVES:This st...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Kung TH,Richardson ET,Mabud TS,Heaney CA,Jones E,Evert J

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Medical schools are increasingly using novel tools to select applicants. The UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) is one such tool and measures mental abilities, attitudes and professional behaviour conducive to being a doctor using constructs likely to be less affected by socio-demographic factors than traditiona...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Mathers J,Sitch A,Parry J

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) students often experience difficulties with the clinical communication skills that are essential for successful interactions in the workplace. However, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of assessment and intervention strategies for this population. The ...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Chan A,Purcell A,Power E

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Near-peer and faculty staff tutors may facilitate problem-based learning (PBL) through different means. Near-peer tutors are thought to compensate for their lack of subject matter expertise with greater adeptness at group facilitation and a better understanding of their learners. However, theoretical explanatio...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Cianciolo AT,Kidd B,Murray S

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The challenge of ensuring 'fair' selection processes confronts all medical schools around the globe. In the UK, historical analyses suggest applicants who are male, non-White, and from less advantaged socio-economic and school backgrounds have been less likely to be offered a place at medical school. We provide...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Mathers J,Sitch A,Parry J

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Given the complexity of competency frameworks, associated skills and abilities, and contexts in which they are to be assessed in competency-based education (CBE), there is an increased reliance on rater judgements when considering trainee performance. This increased dependence on rater-based assessment has l...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Gauthier G,St-Onge C,Tavares W

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The incidence of medical error, adverse clinical events and poor quality health care is unacceptably high and there are data to suggest that poor coordination of care, or teamwork, contributes to adverse outcomes. So, can we assume that increased collaboration in multidisciplinary teams improves performance and...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Kaba A,Wishart I,Fraser K,Coderre S,McLaughlin K

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Progress tests, in which learners are repeatedly assessed on equivalent content at different times in their training and provided with feedback, would seem to lend themselves well to a competency-based framework, which requires more frequent formative assessments. The objective structured clinical examination (...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Pugh D,Bhanji F,Cole G,Dupre J,Hatala R,Humphrey-Murto S,Touchie C,Wood TJ

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:There exists a disparity between the views of physicians and the views of their patients on end-of-life decisions. However, the timing of when the end-of-life preferences of physicians and non-medically-trained individuals diverge is currently unknown. The objective of this paper is to characterise how preferen...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Valentino MA,Chervoneva I,Diemer GA

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:As a contribution to this special issue commemorating the journal's 50th volume, this paper seeks to explore directions for national licensing examinations (NLEs) in medicine. Increases in the numbers of new medical schools and the mobility of doctors across national borders mean that NLEs are becoming even mor...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Swanson DB,Roberts TE

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:As doctors in all specialties are expected to undertake leadership within health care organisations, leadership development has become an inherent part of medical education. Whereas the leadership literature within medical education remains mostly focused on individual, hierarchical leadership, contemporary the...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Gordon LJ,Rees CE,Ker JS,Cleland J

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Health care trainees demonstrate implicit (automatic, unconscious) and explicit (conscious) bias against people from stigmatised and marginalised social groups, which can negatively influence communication and decision making. Medical schools are well positioned to intervene and reduce bias in new physicians. ...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Phelan SM,Puhl RM,Burke SE,Hardeman R,Dovidio JF,Nelson DB,Przedworski J,Burgess DJ,Perry S,Yeazel MW,van Ryn M

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Despite evidence for the predictive value of both pre-admission characteristics and past performance at medical school, their relative contribution to predicting medical school performance has not been thoroughly investigated. OBJECTIVES:This study was designed to determine the relative importance of pre-admis...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Stegers-Jager KM,Themmen AP,Cohen-Schotanus J,Steyerberg EW

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Clinical supervisors oversee trainees' performance while granting them increasing opportunities to work independently. Although the factors contributing to supervisors' trust in their trainees to conduct clinical work have been identified, how the development of trust is shaped by these factors remains less cle...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Hauer KE,Oza SK,Kogan JR,Stankiewicz CA,Stenfors-Hayes T,Cate OT,Batt J,O'Sullivan PS

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Early clinical encounters help medical and nursing students build professional competencies. However, there is a necessary emphasis on patient autonomy and appropriate consent. Although most individuals do not object to student involvement in clinical encounters, there are occasions when personal preference and...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Moores G,Lidster N,Boyd K,Archer T,Kates N,Stobbe K

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Electives are part of most Western medical school curricula. It is estimated that each year 3000-4000 undergraduate medical students from the UK alone undertake an elective in a developing country. The impact of these electives has given some cause for concern, but the views of elective hosts are largely missin...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Kumwenda B,Dowell J,Daniels K,Merrylees N

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Interprofessional education (IPE) aspires to enable collaborative practice. Current IPE offerings, although rapidly proliferating, lack evidence of efficacy and theoretical grounding. OBJECTIVES:Our research aimed to explore the historical emergence of the field of IPE and to analyse the positioning of this ac...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Paradis E,Whitehead CR

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Grades are commonly used in formative workplace-based assessment (WBA) in medical education and training, but may draw attention away from feedback about the task. A dilemma arises because the self-regulatory focus of a trainee must include self-awareness relative to agreed standards, which implies grading. OB...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Lefroy J,Hawarden A,Gay SP,McKinley RK,Cleland J

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Recent studies suggest that self-explanation (SE) while diagnosing cases fosters the development of clinical reasoning in medical students; however, the conditions that optimise the impact of SE remain unknown. The example-based learning framework justifies an exploration of students' use of their own SEs combi...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Chamberland M,Mamede S,St-Onge C,Setrakian J,Bergeron L,Schmidt H

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Medical schools in Western societies seek measures to increase the diversity of their student bodies with respect to ethnicity and social background. Currently, little is known about the effects of different selection procedures on student diversity. OBJECTIVES:This prospective cohort study aimed to determine ...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Stegers-Jager KM,Steyerberg EW,Lucieer SM,Themmen AP

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Increasing numbers of educational institutions in the medical field choose to replace their conventional admissions interviews with a multiple mini-interview (MMI) format because the latter has superior reliability values and reduces interviewer bias. As the MMI format can be adapted to the conditions of eac...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Knorr M,Hissbach J

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Curriculum renewal is an essential and continual process for undergraduate medical education programmes. Although there is substantial literature on the critical role of leadership in successful curricular change, the voices of frontline faculty teachers implementing such change have not been explored. We aimed...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Venance SL,LaDonna KA,Watling CJ

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Concept maps have been used to promote meaningful learning and critical thinking. Although these are crucially important in all disciplines, evidence for the benefits of concept mapping for learning in medicine is limited. METHODS:We performed a randomised crossover study to assess the benefits of online testa...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Ho V,Kumar RK,Velan G

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Despite a growing and influential literature, 'professionalism' remains conceptually unclear. A recent review identified three discourses of professionalism in the literature: the individual; the interpersonal, and the societal-institutional. Although all have credibility and empirical support, there are tensio...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Burford B,Morrow G,Rothwell C,Carter M,Illing J

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Selected-response (SR) formats (e.g. multiple-choice questions) and constructed-response (CR) formats (e.g. short-answer questions) are commonly used to test the knowledge of examinees. Scores on SR formats are typically higher than scores on CR formats. This difference is often attributed to examinees being cu...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Desjardins I,Touchie C,Pugh D,Wood TJ,Humphrey-Murto S

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:In health professions education, tests have traditionally been used to assess the skills and knowledge of learners. More recently, research in psychology and education has shown that tests can also be used to enhance student memory; a phenomenon called the 'testing effect'. Much of the research in this domain h...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Baghdady M,Carnahan H,Lam EW,Woods NN

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The accreditation of medical school programmes and the licensing and revalidation (or recertification) of doctors are thought to be important for ensuring the quality of health care. Whereas regulation of the medical profession is mandated in most jurisdictions around the world, the processes by which doctors b...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Boulet J,van Zanten M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Although work-based assessments (WBA) may come closest to assessing habitual performance, their use for summative purposes is not undisputed. Most criticism of WBA stems from approaches to validity consistent with the quantitative psychometric framework. However, there is increasing research evidence that indic...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Govaerts M,van der Vleuten CP

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The long and demanding course of medical education may be accompanied by distress with serious consequences. This study was conducted to assess the multidimensional health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in medical students in different stages of medical education and its associations with behavioural and s...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Jamali A,Tofangchiha S,Jamali R,Nedjat S,Jan D,Narimani A,Montazeri A

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:A recent study has suggested that assessors judge performance comparatively rather than against fixed standards. Ratings assigned to borderline trainees were found to be biased by previously seen candidates' performances. We extended that programme of investigation by examining these effects across a range of p...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Yeates P,O'Neill P,Mann K,W Eva K

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the impact of a written cognitive aid on expressed clinical reasoning and quantity and the accuracy of information transfer during resident doctor handover. METHODS:This study was a randomised controlled trial in an academic paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of 20 handover events (10 events pe...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Weiss MJ,Bhanji F,Fontela PS,Razack SI

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The primary goal of discussing patient cases during the morning report is to teach appropriate clinical decision making. In addition, the selection of the best diagnostic strategy and application of evidence-based patient care are important. Reducing hospital costs is fundamental to controlling inflation in hea...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Boushehri E,Khamseh ME,Farshchi A,Aghili R,Malek M,Ebrahim Valojerdi A

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Small declines in patient-centred attitudes during medical education have caused great concern. Although some of the self-report scales applied have solid psychometric foundations, validity evidence for the interpretation of attitude erosion during clerkships remains weak. OBJECTIVES:We sought to address this ...

journal_title：Medical education

authors： Bombeke K,Symons L,Mortelmans D,Debaene L,Schol S,Van Royen P,De Winter B

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00